Telomere-to-Telomere Genome Assembly of Indian Linseed

Telomere-to-Telomere Genome Assembly of Indian Linseed

Telomere-to-Telomere Genome Assembly of Indian Linseed Variety T397 Reveals Key Insights into Omega-3 Fatty Acid Biosynthesis and Oil Accumulation
DOI: 10.1111/pbi.70183

Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.), a vital crop known for its rich omega-3 fatty acids and valuable nutritional and medicinal properties, has received a significant boost in genetic research with the recent publication of a telomere-to-telomere (T2T) chromosome-scale genome assembly of the Indian linseed variety T397.

This advanced genomic study overcomes the limitations of previous fragmented linseed genome assemblies by delivering a contiguous, high-quality draft consisting of approximately 595 Mb of genomic sequence spanning all 15 chromosomes. The assembly includes 29 telomeres and 15 centromeres, achieving a remarkable scaffold N50 of 32.86 Mb, positioning it as one of the most complete linseed genomes to date.

Researchers identified 34,572 protein-coding genes, averaging 2980.7 base pairs in length and encoding an average of 5 exons per gene. Comparative gene family analysis highlighted linseed’s unique genetic components and confirmed its close evolutionary relationship with cassava (Manihot esculenta) and castor bean (Ricinus communis).

Importantly, the study revealed high expression of oleosin and FAD3 genes, both integral to oil accumulation and enrichment of omega-3 fatty acids, making linseed a superfood candidate with substantial health benefits. Seed metabolite profiling further supported the enrichment in pathways for unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis.

The research team identified key structural genes and transcription factors involved in regulating oil metabolism and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, providing valuable molecular targets for future genetic improvement.

We extend our heartfelt congratulations to Dr. Samir Sawant and Dr. Hemant Kumar Yadav, whose leadership and contributions through CSIR-NBRI were instrumental in this landmark achievement. Their expertise in plant genomics and bioinformatics helped realize one of the most contiguous linseed genome assemblies to date, promising accelerated genetic studies and crop improvement.

Dushyant Singh Baghel, Founder and CEO, Nucleome Informatics said “We are proud to support this groundbreaking research that advances the genomic understanding of linseed, a crop of immense nutritional and economic importance. At Nucleome Informatics, we are committed to empowering scientists with cutting-edge sequencing and bioinformatics solutions to accelerate discoveries that can drive sustainable agriculture and health. The achievements of Dr. Sawant, Dr. Yadav, and their team exemplify the impactful science that is possible when advanced genomics solution meets collaborative scientific expertise. We look forward to continuing our role in enabling such transformative projects.”

This landmark genome assembly not only sets a new standard for linseed genomics but also offers critical resources for accelerated breeding, genetic studies, and crop enhancement aimed at improving oil content, nutritional value, and stress resilience.

At Nucleome Informatics, our commitment to leveraging advanced sequencing technologies and bioinformatics supports such cutting-edge research, fueling innovation in plant genomics and agricultural biotechnology.

For more information about this service and how Nucleome Informatics can assist your genomics projects, please contact us.